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	<title>Comments on: Gathering in New York to Save Tara</title>
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	<link>http://druidjournal.net/2007/09/19/gathering-in-new-york-to-save-tara/</link>
	<description>Guidance and Inspiration from Nature and the Ancient World.</description>
	<pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2008 00:22:40 +0000</pubDate>
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		<title>By: Jeff Lilly</title>
		<link>http://druidjournal.net/2007/09/19/gathering-in-new-york-to-save-tara/#comment-44578</link>
		<dc:creator>Jeff Lilly</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 10 Nov 2007 11:17:29 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Elizabeth, my apologies for taking so long to reply; I've had a number of urgent family and work crises to take care of.

First, I'm so glad you find my writing intriguing!  I'll definitely take a look at your magazine's submission guidelines.

You are of course correct that "no" and "not" are among English's negative markers, but they aren't the only ones.  I tend to think -- though of course this is arguable -- that the phrase "free from anger" is "negative" in the sense that it calls attention to what you want to avoid, rather than what you want to attract.

More specifically:  my suspicion from working with phonosemantics is that logical operators of any sort are ignored.  The phrase "Y is free from X" has a complex implicit logical implicature, i.e. "all E, such that E is type X, are in state S, such that S is NOT "near" Y (in some vague sense)".  Thus the phrase "free from" has a "not" hidden in its meaning.

There are some linguists that argue that lexical meaning is "atomic", i.e. that you can't break down a phrase or word's meaning in the way I just did without losing something essential.  I'm sympathetic with this view, and I don't think that the entire meaning of "free from" is encapsulated in the logical form I provided in the last paragraph.  Still, I think it's &lt;i&gt;part&lt;/i&gt; of the meaning, and an important part.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Elizabeth, my apologies for taking so long to reply; I&#8217;ve had a number of urgent family and work crises to take care of.</p>
<p>First, I&#8217;m so glad you find my writing intriguing!  I&#8217;ll definitely take a look at your magazine&#8217;s submission guidelines.</p>
<p>You are of course correct that &#8220;no&#8221; and &#8220;not&#8221; are among English&#8217;s negative markers, but they aren&#8217;t the only ones.  I tend to think &#8212; though of course this is arguable &#8212; that the phrase &#8220;free from anger&#8221; is &#8220;negative&#8221; in the sense that it calls attention to what you want to avoid, rather than what you want to attract.</p>
<p>More specifically:  my suspicion from working with phonosemantics is that logical operators of any sort are ignored.  The phrase &#8220;Y is free from X&#8221; has a complex implicit logical implicature, i.e. &#8220;all E, such that E is type X, are in state S, such that S is NOT &#8220;near&#8221; Y (in some vague sense)&#8221;.  Thus the phrase &#8220;free from&#8221; has a &#8220;not&#8221; hidden in its meaning.</p>
<p>There are some linguists that argue that lexical meaning is &#8220;atomic&#8221;, i.e. that you can&#8217;t break down a phrase or word&#8217;s meaning in the way I just did without losing something essential.  I&#8217;m sympathetic with this view, and I don&#8217;t think that the entire meaning of &#8220;free from&#8221; is encapsulated in the logical form I provided in the last paragraph.  Still, I think it&#8217;s <i>part</i> of the meaning, and an important part.</p>
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		<title>By: Elizabeth Barrette</title>
		<link>http://druidjournal.net/2007/09/19/gathering-in-new-york-to-save-tara/#comment-40767</link>
		<dc:creator>Elizabeth Barrette</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Oct 2007 18:30:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://druidjournal.net/2007/09/19/gathering-in-new-york-to-save-tara/#comment-40767</guid>
		<description>My boss Anne Niven noticed your blog and was intrigued by your writing.  She pointed me here, and I'm intrigued also.  We'd like to encourage you to check out our magazine PanGaia and see if you might want to write an article or two for us.  Guidelines are posted on our website.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My boss Anne Niven noticed your blog and was intrigued by your writing.  She pointed me here, and I&#8217;m intrigued also.  We&#8217;d like to encourage you to check out our magazine PanGaia and see if you might want to write an article or two for us.  Guidelines are posted on our website.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Elizabeth Barrette</title>
		<link>http://druidjournal.net/2007/09/19/gathering-in-new-york-to-save-tara/#comment-40766</link>
		<dc:creator>Elizabeth Barrette</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 17 Oct 2007 18:29:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://druidjournal.net/2007/09/19/gathering-in-new-york-to-save-tara/#comment-40766</guid>
		<description>"May I be free from anger." is not a negative statement.  The negative version would be "May I have no anger." or something simlar: "no" or "not" are the negative markers in English.  "Anger" isn't a negative in the *linguistic* sense, although it can be considered a negative emotion.  Negative emotions aren't the negatives meant by the admonishment to avoid negatives in prayers/spells.  It's the marker itself that tends to "disappear," leaving for example "May I have ... anger."  So the version "May I be free from anger." should work fine.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;May I be free from anger.&#8221; is not a negative statement.  The negative version would be &#8220;May I have no anger.&#8221; or something simlar: &#8220;no&#8221; or &#8220;not&#8221; are the negative markers in English.  &#8220;Anger&#8221; isn&#8217;t a negative in the *linguistic* sense, although it can be considered a negative emotion.  Negative emotions aren&#8217;t the negatives meant by the admonishment to avoid negatives in prayers/spells.  It&#8217;s the marker itself that tends to &#8220;disappear,&#8221; leaving for example &#8220;May I have &#8230; anger.&#8221;  So the version &#8220;May I be free from anger.&#8221; should work fine.</p>
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